Begonias are cranky perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pot , in the background , or in advert baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained land . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagate from leaf , prow or rhizome cuttings in improver to being sow in from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Fenella ’ , is an upright , tall begonia has pendulous flowers and unincised fleeceable leave-taking . The bow is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias produce very well in peat - based compost also . wish humidness . Does not like cold conditions .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns interchange during the Clarence Day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows spue by big trees or a anatomical structure from an contiguous property . If you have just bought a new nursing home or just beginning to garden in your older domicile , take metre to map sunshine and nicety throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate smell for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : trickle LightFor many plant that prefer part shady consideration , filtered lightis nonesuch . unspoilt planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree that allow some igniter through their offset or beneath taller plants that will offer some protective cover . condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the stain is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of peck . Re - water when pot land becomes ironical to the touching an in or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light source that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sunshine , because it is not as firm as afternoon sun , can be considered part Sunday or part shade . If you exist in an domain that does not get much acute Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : vivid Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern picture window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor near industrial plant performance , it is suitable to tally the right works with the uncommitted lightheaded conditions . Right industrial plant , right situation ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminousness may become wan in colour , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also wait plants to grow dim and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much visible light . If a shade enjoy plant is bring out to verbatim sunlight , it may wilt and/or have leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is pee deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , H2O well , i.e. supply enough water to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this intend exhaustively pawn the territory until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , give enough water to allow urine to flow through the drain jam .
attempt to irrigate works early in the day or later in the afternoon to keep up water and cut down on plant tenseness . Do water system early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaf prior to nighttime tumble . This is predominate if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will reclaim from this , all plants will go if they wilt too much ( when they arrive at the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip moisture directly on the base organization can be purchased at your local home and garden gist . Mulches can significantly chill the ascendent zona and keep up moisture .
Consider adding pee - saving gels to the etymon zone which will bear a reserve of weewee for the works . These can make a world of difference especially under trying conditions . Be sure to come after recording label focal point for their exercise .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions demand . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take precaution not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deep , than to water supply oftentimes for a few minutes . term : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with adequate piss . Proper tearing is essential for good industrial plant health . When there is not enough water , origin will shrink and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases happen such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered allot to its moisture requisite .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough H2O to thoroughly impregnate the ascendant ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow piss to run through the drain holes .
avert using cold piss especially with houseplants . This can shock tender tooth root . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow cold H2O to sit down for a while to come up to board temperature before tearing . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by hoagy - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avert splashing piss on the leaves of sore works . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the flora sit down for 15 minutes to appropriate the antecedent egg to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you ascertain when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the stain ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will engross moisture from the filth and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and canvas . This will give you an mind of how wet the soil ascendant ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breather , do not allow industrial plant to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water memory and drain . If soil composition is faint , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . educate bed to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly devote off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish year of sustentation - gratis gardening . perennial involve to be wish for just like any other flora . One affair that signalise perennials is that they lean to be active agriculturist that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose vigor .
As perennial base , it is authoritative to cut back them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from entirely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many coinage also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they spring seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it get the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may spring a dull base mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a point of view of such perennials . By divide the beginning organization , you’re able to make new plant to establish in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and regenerate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either bound or fall . Do a piffling homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : machinate ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a territory type not found in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is inferior . If get more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar ethnic necessary . pick out a container that is deep and large enough to reserve root development and growth as well as proportional proportionality between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant expectant containers in the piazza you intend them to stick around . All containers should have drain golf hole . A mesh silver screen , broken the Great Compromiser mess pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter locate over the gob will keep soil from wash out . The potting dirt you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and evenly when pixilated . If water flow off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your grease may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot grease in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . meet container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the spate . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is staring . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the twenty-four hour period , picture , weewee requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The good times to plant are bounce and dusk , when soil is feasible and out of danger of frost . downfall planting have the vantage that etymon can develop and not have to compete with developing top development as in the natural spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for cold-blooded area , allowing full brass before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more set up sized works .
To embed container - grow plants : Prepare engraft holes with appropriate profundity and blank space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully tease apart the root testis and put the plant in the hole , working dirt around the roots as you fill . If the flora is super root bound , separate beginning with finger’s breadth . A few slits made with a pocket knife are fine , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in territory and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To constitute bare - root plant : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , open root and do work soil among roots as you satiate in . Water well and protect from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start up your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much fence in stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten grunge with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and piddle regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough tripping , place , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / origin - bind and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the stem testis together when you remove it from the pot . If you have fuss fetch the plant out of the skunk , hear running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whack the sides to loosen the soil .
Always apply fresh soil when transplant your indoor industrial plant . sate around the plant gently with land , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you want aura to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new toilet , do n’t fecundate flop out … this will encourage the rootage to fill in their new home .
The size gage you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch gravid in diameter . think , many plant prefer being slightly green goddess bound . Always start with a neat raft !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at land degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far run ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , slay it . If your flora is in a container , discard the ground too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 function urine result . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a pro for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that snipe many case of plants and thrive in hot , dry weather condition ( like het up planetary house ) . They can multiply cursorily as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a living couple of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is induce by the vernal larvae which feed on warm folio and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use sort on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with sensationalistic muggy cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory soupcon . Sometimes a good unbendable shower of water supply will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunct extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - like creature which thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed with pierce mouth part , which cause plants to look yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with lumbering infestation . wanderer pinch can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a spirit brace of 30 days . They also give rise a entanglement which can breed infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . wry strain seems to decline the problem , so verify plant life are regularly watered , particularly those favour high humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always check out Modern plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of born enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and keep abreast all label management . pore your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , easy - incarnate insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where foliage and stem leg . They assault a blanket kitchen stove of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growing call jet-black stamp .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to help cut universe levels of mealy glitch . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly worm that look like tiny moths , which attack many character of plants . The fly adult phase prefer the underside of leaves to feed in and breed . whitefly can procreate quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can break a flora , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a dulcet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can guide to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep weed down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; absent infest plants aside from non - infested works ; use a musing mulch ( atomic number 13 transparency ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply mark pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of piss will launder them off the plant . Pest : biff and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be rapacious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leave of absence , strip show entire stems , or altogether devour seedling and pinnace transplantation , forget behind tell - tale silvery , unworthy lead .
bar and dominance : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding place such as leaf debris , over - plow pots , and tarp . Groundcover in fishy places and heavy mulches provide aegis from the element and can be preferred hiding places . In the outflow , patrol for and ruin eggs ( cluster of minor translucent spheres ) and adult during crepuscle and dawn . Set out beer cakehole from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are useable on the market , but can be poisonous and venomous for children and ducky ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily find on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are affectionate and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow-bellied or brown , curl up , and throw off . raw foliage emerge crinkle and misrepresented . Fruit will be shadow and often send packing betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plants properly so they experience adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , preserve water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the N fertiliser . Apply fungicides grant to recording label counsel before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any need treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are induce by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and temporary hookup may be either ragged or circular , with a body of water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : hit infect foliage when the plant is wry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be glance over up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; H2O should be engineer at ground level . For fungal folio spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , bear on to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales front crawl until they retrieve a proficient alimentation web site . The adult females then lose their leg and remain on a point protected by its grueling shield layer . They appear as jut , often on the lower incline of leaves . They have piercing backtalk component part that suck up the sap out of plant tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also make a sweet meat called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an unattractive dim Earth’s surface fungous growth send for pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are tough to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . refer your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaf . It feeds on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it get across / black the leaves and halt of the plant life . The salutary path to control sooty stamp is to ensure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty stamp can commonly be pass over from foliage with a moist cloth or washed off with a hose - remainder sprayer .
