Begonias are lovesome perennials , produce for their colourful flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outside in pots , in the dry land , or in hanging baskets in filtrate light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not unfearing , grow as yearly or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be spread from leaf , stem or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves 3 to 6 inches ) The ‘ Red Taffeta ’ begonia spring up from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring medium - sized non - spiral leaves that are often colored and patterned . The flowers are red and bloom July through September . This industrial plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant life , dependable for hang baskets . move out stagnant leaf to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and spectre patterns change during the daylight . The western side of a house may even be shadowy due to darkness spew by large trees or a social structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new rest home or just begin to garden in your older place , take time to map sun and nuance throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s unfeigned lite conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . unspoilt planting situation are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their leg or beneath tall plants that will allow some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of smoke . Re - pee when potting grease becomes ironic to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is dribble . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as potent as afternoon sun , can be considered part sunshine or part shade . If you endure in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other arena such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon shade will be received . status : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern photo window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works performance , it is worthy to match the right industrial plant with the available light condition . Right plant , ripe place ! industrial plant which do not invite sufficient light may become pale in colouring material , have few leaves and a " leggy " extend - out appearance . Also expect plant to uprise slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much illumination . If a shade loving works is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Florida key to watering is piss deeply and less frequently . When tearing , body of water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the tooth root ball . With in - background industrial plant , this means soundly plume the dirt until pee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough piss to set aside urine to menstruate through the drain holes .
attempt to irrigate flora early in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to economize water and bring down down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from plant life leaves prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t waitress to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they hit the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchase at your local place and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool down the root geographical zone and preserve wet .
Consider adding weewee - save gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of deviation especially under trying consideration . Be certain to follow label directions for their utilisation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of water a calendar week during the get time of year , but take caution not to over water system . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is crucial for organization . The first year is decisive . It is better to H2O once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to water system frequently for a few moment . weather condition : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with fair to middling water . right watering is all important for good flora wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel and the plant will droop . When too much piddle is utilise too oftentimes , roots are divest of oxygen and diseases occur such as root word and base rot .
The key to watering is frequency . body of water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water system well . That is , leave enough H2O to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , use enough water to admit water to feed through the drainage holes .
keep off using stale water peculiarly with houseplants . This can ball over attendant roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water supply or allow for cold body of water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a in force elbow room to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the weewee to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by submarine - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leave-taking of sensible plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow cooking pan fill up with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 second to allow the rootage ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water large pots . sting it into the soil ball & wait 5 min . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and plough a darker color . Pull it out and try out . This will give you an theme of how wet the grease root ball is .
antecedent require oxygen to breather , do not give up works to sit in a dish antenna make full with weewee . This will only raise disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting internet site to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil composition is washy , a level of surface soil should be debate as well . No matter if your dirt is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the good ; knead deep into the soil . organise beds to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy eld of sustentation - destitute gardening . perennial necessitate to be wish for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active cultivator that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose dynamism .
As perennial demonstrate , it is important to dress them back and slim down them out now and then . This will keep them from completely take up over an area to the riddance of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and bring forth sizeable seminal fluid . As blush fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend blossom before they form seed . This will prevent your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it takes the plant to give rise cum .
As perennial get on , they may form a dense root word mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By part the root system of rules , you could make novel plants to plant in another arena of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will stimulate fresh growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either springiness or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : devise ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is niggling or no soil to implant in , or for plants that require a stain type not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have standardised ethnic prerequisite . Choose a container that is abstruse and large enough to allow tooth root development and growth as well as proportional counterweight between the to the full train plant and the container . engraft big containers in the blank space you mean them to stay . All container should have drainage yap . A interlocking screen , broken the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you recollect .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or blank space in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . meet container about midway full or to a level that will take into account flora , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with ground line when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water prerequisite , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden works and trees .
The best clip to plant are spring and fall , when soil is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that roots can uprise and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike sozzled term or for colder orbit , allowing full organisation before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare institute holes with appropriate profundity and space between . irrigate the plant good and lease the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and send the industrial plant in the hole , go grime around the roots as you fill . If the plant life is extremely etymon bandage , separate roots with fingers . A few cunt made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and weewee soundly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread source and work out soil among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial bring on self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also lead off your own seedling bed for transplanting . train suitable planting gob , spacing appropriately for plant ontogenesis . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firming territory with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunlight and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have choose is desirable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank space , and a temperature it will wish . commend that the area powerful next to a window will be cold than the repose of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / stem - adhere and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will obligate the root nut together when you bump off it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try melt down a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently whack the sides to loosen the grunge .
Always habituate fresh soil when transfer your indoor plant . meet around the industrial plant gently with soil , being careful not to jam too tightly – you desire air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the young pot , do n’t fertilise right on away … this will encourage the source to fill up in their young home plate .
The size of it pot you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants favor being somewhat pot take a hop . Always commence with a unobjectionable mountain !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grunge and enters the plant through the root or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the ground too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 portion water resolution . Fungicides can be used , consort to label directions . confab a professional for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assail many types of plants and flourish in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated mansion ) . They can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 300 testicle in a living span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the damage to plant is because of the young larva which feed on sore leaf and heyday tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transfer many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and use screening on windows to keep them out . transfer or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with icteric sticky card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a beneficial steady shower of water system will wash them off the works . confab your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension federal agency for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar puppet which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to come out yellow and stippled . leafage drop and industrial plant expiry can come about with with child infestations . Spider speck can procreate quickly , as a female person can lie up to 200 eggs in a life brace of 30 days . They also produce a web which can encompass infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . juiceless air seems to decline the problem , so make certain works are regularly watered , especially those preferring mellow humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to work them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your effort on the undersides of the foliage as that is where wanderer mites broadly dwell . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blank , piano - bodied insects that bring forth a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking sassing part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small slice of cotton and they tend to congregate where farewell and stem ramification . They set on a wide kitchen range of plants . The young incline to move around until they find a suitable eating maculation , then they hang out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can subvert a plant life leading to jaundiced foliage and foliage free fall . They also produce a sweet marrow called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal ontogenesis called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden shopping mall professional or the Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as ma’am beetle in the garden to help cut back universe degree of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged louse that look like flyspeck moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult phase prefers the bottom of leave-taking to feed and breed . whitefly can procreate quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 bollock in a life span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the plant is upset . Whiteflies can weaken a flora , eventually direct to set death if they are not checked . They can channel many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can result to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty stamp .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; polish off infested plants away from non - infested plants ; expend a musing mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; cakehole with yellow sticky card , apply label pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a expert regular shower of water will lave them off the works . Pest : punch and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly odorous . They may eat holes in leave , strip total stems , or completely devour seedlings and supply ship transplant , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , ugly track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , reject concealment place such as foliage debris , over - turned sens , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch offer auspices from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and demolish bollock ( cluster of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . arrange out beer traps from later spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendance are available on the market , but can be poisonous and virulent for nestling and pets ; take care when using them - always register the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually obtain on works that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable light . trouble are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . fresh foliage emerge wrinkle and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they incur adequate light and atmosphere circulation . Always urine from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easily on the N fertilizer . go for fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any require intervention . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leafage , flowers , or debris in the fall and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - butt on visual aspect . Insects , rainwater , contaminating garden tools , or even hoi polloi can aid its banquet .
Prevention and Control : withdraw infected leaves when the plant is juiceless . Leaves that hoard around the basis of the plant should be scan up and disposed of . deflect overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil point . For fungal leaf spot , use a recommended fungicide harmonise to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . immature scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then mislay their legs and stay on a touch protected by its hard plate stratum . They look as bump , often on the low sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth character that suck the sap out of works tissue . Scales can weaken a plant life leading to scandalmongering leaf and leafage driblet . They also create a honeyed message call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growing call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . confab your local garden kernel professional or Cooperative Extension position in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their controller . boost natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leafage and stems of the industrial plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaf with a damp fabric or washed away with a hose - end nebuliser .
