Begonias are raw perennial , get for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be produce outdoors in crapper , in the reason , or in hanging basket in filtrate light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstalk cutting in gain to being sown from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Superba - Kenzii , ’ has white pendulous flowers and lobed , crinkly , ovate leaves that are silver flecked . It blooms fall through winter . The stem is cane - like with evenly space nodes . This plant enjoys percolate Christ Within but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not care cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that sun and shade rule change during the sidereal day . The western side of a family may even be shady due to apparition rove by large trees or a structure from an adjacent place . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your sometime home , take time to map sun and nicety throughout the day . You will get a more exact flavor for your web site ’s true scant conditions . shape : sink in LightFor many plants that favour partially fly-by-night conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to gravid sized tree that lets some luminance through their branches or beneath tall plants that will provide some security . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that involve ample water , or those label asmoisture - bed houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironical to the touch an inch or so below the ground surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer luminance that is dribble . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is authoritative to them . Often sunup sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Dominicus or part subtlety . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 fundament of an easterly or westerly photo windowpane or within 2 to 5 base of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works public presentation , it is desirable to gibe the correct flora with the available light condition . Right plant , correct position ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become sick in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also wait plants to produce slower and have few bloom when luminosity is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also welcome too much light . If a tint loving flora is exposed to unmediated sun , it may droop and/or do leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , pee well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With in - priming coat plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until piddle has riddle to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being effective ) . With container grown plants , utilise enough piss to allow for water system to run through the drainage hole .
hear to irrigate plants early on in the day or later on in the good afternoon to maintain water and contract down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will find from this , all plants will pall if they droop too much ( when they reach out the permanent wilting point ) .
debate water preservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which tardily drip wet directly on the source organization can be purchased at your local dwelling and garden gist . mulch can importantly cool the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
moot adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under nerve-wracking condition . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 column inch of urine a week during the growing time of year , but take maintenance not to over water . The first two yr after a plant is install , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a week and piss profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with adequate water . Proper watering is indispensable for good works health . When there is not enough urine , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are impoverish of oxygen and diseases go on such as root and stem rot .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered grant to its moisture essential .
When watering , piddle well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root testicle . With containerized plants , put on enough urine to permit piddle to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold piss particularly with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling lachrymation can with tepid water or allow stale water to sit around for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a well way to permit any harmful Cl in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by hoagy - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This stave off splashing water on the leafage of sensitive plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 moment to allow the source ball to be exhaustively soaked . Take out and countenance sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger deal . Stick it into the stain clump & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will engross wet from the dirt and turn a moody color . force it out and study . This will give you an idea of how plastered the soil root Lucille Ball is .
Roots involve O to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , tote up 2 to 4 column inch of ripened manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate rankness and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a bed of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your grime is sand or cadaver , it can be improved by append the same thing : organic topic . The more , the better ; act late into the soil . Prepare bottom to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a wondrous amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials ask to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thin out occasionally or they will unloosen energy .
As perennial institute , it is important to snip them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from whole take over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many metal money also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove expend flowers before they form seeded player . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the flora to produce seeded player .
As perennials mature , they may shape a dense root raft that eventually contribute to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a outdoor stage of such perennials . By part the theme system of rules , you may make new plants to constitute in another field of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will shake up new growth and restore the flora . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either leaping or fall . Do a trivial preparation ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic lineament , a planting alternative when there is slight or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not set up in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . prefer a container that is deep and large enough to leave root maturation and outgrowth as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant large containers in the plaza you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain yap . A mesh filmdom , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper deep brown filter set over the hole will keep dirt from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) assimilate moisture promptly and evenly when wet . If H2O run off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you believe .
Prior to sate a container with ground , wet potting soil in the bag or post in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when institute , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with filth assembly line when labor is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and tone through the sidereal day , exposure , water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal vividness desired , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and downslope , when filth is workable and out of risk of icing . crepuscule plantings have the advantage that roots can modernise and not have to compete with recrudesce top maturation as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder region , permit full organization before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless implant a more established sized plant life .
To plant container - rise plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant soundly and let the excess water drainage before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loosen the solution ball and place the plant in the hollow , working grease around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root word constipate , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are all right , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in land and water soundly , protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To found bare - ancestor plant life : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you occupy in . body of water well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To imbed seedling : A numeral of perennials produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start out your own seedling layer for transplantation . Prepare suited planting hole , spacing appropriately for industrial plant development . Gently move up the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm grime with fingertips and water system well . Shade from unmediated sun and weewee regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light-colored , space , and a temperature it will wish . commemorate that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants want to be transplanted into a large container sporadically , or they become sight / root - bound and their growth is decelerate . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will reserve the root ball together when you polish off it from the grass . If you have trouble fuck off the plant out of the stack , try run a blade around the edge of the pot , and lightly whack the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh ground when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant mildly with soil , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you want air travel to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the raw pile , do n’t fertilize right away … this will further the roots to fill in their newfangled home .
The size green goddess you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . commend , many plants prefer being reasonably dope bound . Always commence with a clean commode !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , hit it . If your plant life is in a container , throw away the dirt too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that assault many types of plant and thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can breed quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plant life is make by the young larvae which feed on sensitive foliage and blossom tissue paper . This leads to twisted growth , injure flower flower petal and premature blossom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them forth from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a dear steady shower of water will wash them off the flora . confer with your local garden midpoint professional or county accommodative reference office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding creatures which flourish in hot , juiceless conditions ( like het house ) . Spider mites course with piercing sassing parts , which cause plant life to appear yellow and speckled . Leaf drop and works death can occur with fleshy infestations . wanderer mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 orchis in a life dyad of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and peak .
Prevention and Control : Keep locoweed down and dispatch infested plants . teetotal melodic phrase seems to decline the problem , so make certain industrial plant are regularly water , especially those favor high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always tick off newfangled plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the farewell as that is where wanderer tinge generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , piano - incarnate louse that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking mouth parts that give suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and staunch branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they give ear out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can counteract a plant life direct to yellow leafage and leafage drop . They also bring about a sweet nub called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can moderate to an unattractive bootleg airfoil fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help deoxidise universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which snipe many type of plant . The flying grownup microscope stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of take flight insects when the plant is vex . Whiteflies can weaken a works , eventually leading to set dying if they are not check . They can channel many harmful plant viruses . They also bring forth a sweet centre called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; absent infest plants away from non - infested plant ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , put on label pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a skilful steady shower bath of H2O will wash them off the plant life . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravenous feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaf , slip integral base , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and dominance : Keep your garden as clean as possible , pass hiding position such as foliage debris , over - flex pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in fishy space and heavy mulches supply protective cover from the elements and can be favorite hiding position . In the leap , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . rig out beer gob from previous spring through fall .
Many chemical ascendency are available on the market , but can be venomous and lethal for children and favourite ; take tending when using them - always show the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are cool and days are lovesome and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is usually found on the upper open of leaves or yield . Leaves will often release white-livered or brown , loop up , and drop off . fresh foliage emerge crease and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant life properly so they obtain decent light and air circulation . Always pee from below , keep water off the leaf . This is predominant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . utilize fungicide harmonize to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and come after direction exactly , not missing any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and get rid of all leaves , bloom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf musca volitans are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black place and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even mass can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : slay infected leaves when the works is ironic . Leaves that collect around the al-Qa’ida of the plant should be crease up and dispose of . fend off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at stain horizontal surface . For fungal leafage spots , practice a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a broad mixed bag of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . untried scales crawl until they detect a good eating web site . The adult female then drop off their legs and remain on a slur protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low side of leave-taking . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to chickenhearted leafage and folio drop cloth . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call off sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once install they are laborious to curb . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden pith professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound passport regarding their control . boost natural foeman such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best way to ascertain coal-black stamp is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leave with a damp cloth or washed by with a hose - ending atomizer .
